Journal of Civil Engineering Researchers
Volume:1 Issue: 1, 2017

Seismic isolation is effective in reducing seismic demand for buildings and decreasing seismic damage costs. This study investigates the effect of lead-plug rubber bearing isolator on the casting cost of mid-rise reinforced concrete moment frames. A five story concrete frame building case study is modeled by ETABS software. Then in the designed structure a series of lead-plug rubber Isolators are applied and the building is re-designed. Next the casting costs in these two different cases are compared. Based on the results of this case study, using of base isolator would decrease the weight of steel rebar and the volume of concrete about 20 percent in comparison of ordinary building.

In this article we have reviewed shear walls as an effective way for resisting lateral loads in tall buildings. Then two most popular types of shear walls, steel and concrete walls, are reviewed and their construction methods are discussed. At the endwe have concluded that shear walls are one of the most effective and operational solutions for resisting earthquake and wind forces

In recent years, different organizations and companies starting to joint toknowledge process and new concepts such as knowledge management and knowledge-based organizations, are aware of the intensity of this process. The challenges for KM become more difficult when dealing with tacit knowledge because of individuals normally regard tacit knowledge as a source of strength and personal rather than organizational property. A vast amount of knowledge in the project oriented organizations resides in the heads of numerous individuals who may belong to different companies with different professional backgrounds and many of these companies are unstable and can be completely changed during the period of the project life cycle, which causes difficulty for people to collect, share and manage their knowledge within limited time and budget of the construction projects. Employees of the organizations are still reluctant to share their knowledge with others,whilechanging this behavioris noteasy. Many individuals regard their knowledge as a personal property and source of strength and most of typical existing construction organizations find difficulty to encourage the culture of sharing knowledge.

The aim of this study is identify cable bridges and have a short review about the history and attempts after world war II, 1960is the magnificent times to innovate and progress in designing, calculationsand analyses of bride elements. 6 structural systems are identified. Flexibleand strong steel cables are being used for bridges. Itis the best choice for long spans. Tower, span, cables are the main elements of cable styed bridges. Cablesare twisted from narrow strings. Shape and appearance of the bridges areidentified. Cablearrangements suchas fun, harp, semi harpare the most important that are shown here. Types of towers are such as single, double, portal and ashape mostly use in cable bridges

All embankments dams construct of various parts. In this paper will describe to construct three primary partsofearth dams including:preliminary studies,diversion channels of riverand foundation & aboutment.We focus onfoundation and aboutment.